Border Collie Guide: Temperament, Care, Pros & Cons

Border Collies are widely regarded as one of the most intelligent dog breeds. Historically working dogs along the border of England and Scotland, they are known for intense focus, high energy, and an exceptional ability to learn complex tasks. For the right owner, a Border Collie can be an extraordinary companion.

However, this is not a casual or low-maintenance breed. Border Collies typically require significant daily exercise and mental stimulation. Without structure and purpose, they can become restless or develop problem behaviors. Before choosing this breed, it’s important to honestly assess your lifestyle and time commitment.

This guide is for educational purposes only and is not veterinary advice. Consult a licensed veterinarian for medical concerns.

Size & lifespan

Most Border Collies stand 18–22 inches tall at the shoulder and weigh between 30–55 pounds, depending on sex and lineage.

The average lifespan ranges from 12–15 years, though genetics, diet, and activity level can influence longevity.

Lifestyle Fit

• Apartment Living: Not recommended
• New owners: Often challenging
• Family dogs: Yes, with supervision
• High-energy breeds: Excellent fit
• Low-Energy Homes: Poor fit

Quick take: Is a Border Collie right for you?

Best for

• Highly active individuals or families
• Owners who enjoy training, agility, or structured activities
• Homes with space for regular physical exercise
• People seeking a highly trainable working-style dog

Not ideal for

• Sedentary households
• Small apartments without outdoor access
• Owners away most of the day
• People looking for a relaxed or low-energy companion

Temperament & personality

Border Collies are often described as intense, focused, and highly responsive.

Extremely intelligent and quick to learn

They often excel in obedience, agility, and advanced problem-solving tasks. Compared to more independent breeds like the Siberian Husky, Border Collies tend to be more handler-focused.

High drive and strong work ethic

Many Border Collies appear happiest when they have a “job.” Structured activity, training routines, or advanced games help fulfill this need.

Sensitive and observant

This breed is highly attuned to its environment. Positive, consistent guidance typically produces better results than harsh correction.

Exercise needs: How much activity does a Border Collie need?

Border Collies often require 90–120+ minutes of combined physical and mental activity daily. Some individuals may require even more.

A balanced routine might include:

• 45–60 minutes of brisk exercise (running, hiking, structured fetch)
• 15–20 minutes of obedience or trick training
• Agility practice or advanced problem-solving games
• Scent or herding-style enrichment activities

Why mental stimulation is critical

Physical exercise alone is rarely sufficient. Without cognitive challenges, Border Collies may invent their own “jobs,” which can include chasing shadows, herding children, or repetitive behaviors.

Signs of under-stimulation

• Excessive barking
• Restlessness and pacing
• Destructive chewing
• Obsessive behaviors

This breed thrives when mentally engaged.

For more highly active breeds, see: High-Energy Dog Breeds

Shedding & grooming

Border Collies typically have either a rough or smooth coat.

Shedding

• Moderate year-round shedding
• Seasonal increases are common

Grooming routine

• Brushing 1–2 times per week
• More frequent brushing during heavy shed periods
• Occasional bathing as needed

Coat maintenance is manageable compared to breeds requiring professional grooming.

Training & behavior

Training is typically a strength—but it must be structured.

Training difficulty

Often considered very high trainability, especially with consistent, positive reinforcement.

Common challenges

• Herding behaviors directed toward children or pets
• Reactivity to movement (bikes, cars, joggers)
• Over-arousal if not properly exercised
• Obsessive tendencies without guidance

Practical training tips

1. Introduce impulse control exercises early.
2. Provide structured tasks (trick training, agility, scent games).
3. Teach a reliable “settle” cue.
4. Maintain consistent rules.

Because they learn quickly, Border Collies also learn undesirable behaviors quickly if boundaries are unclear.

Are Border Collies good with kids?

They can be good with children in active households. However, some may attempt to herd children by circling or nipping at heels.

Supervision and early training are important to prevent problems.

Are Border Collies good for apartments?

Generally, Border Collies are not considered ideal for apartment living.

Apartment life may be possible only if:

• Extensive daily exercise is provided
• Mental stimulation is structured
• The dog is trained to settle indoors

Without those factors, frustration and behavioral issues are more likely.

Health considerations (high-level)

Border Collies may be associated with certain hereditary conditions, including:

• Hip dysplasia
• Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA)
• Epilepsy (in some lines)

Regular veterinary checkups and maintaining appropriate exercise levels are important.

Consult a veterinarian for medical advice.

Cost to own a Border Collie

Typical expense categories include:

• Food
• Veterinary care
• Training classes
• Enrichment equipment (puzzle toys, agility tools)
• Preventative health care

Because this breed thrives on structured activity, many owners invest in training or sport-related expenses.

For budgeting guidance, see: How Much Does a Dog Cost Per Month?

Similar breeds to compare

If you are considering a Border Collie, you may also compare:

• Siberian Husky
• German Shepherd
• Labrador Retriever